Citations: The Childhood Origins of the Holocaust

1. Lloyd deMause, The History of Childhood. New York: Psychohistory Press, 1974, p. 1.
2. Daniel J. Goldhagen, Hitler’s Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust. New York: Knopf, 1996.
3. James Gilligan, Violence: Our Deadly Epidemic and Its Causes. New York: Vintage Books, 1996, p. 109.
4. Robert W. Firestone, Suicide and the Inner Voice: Risk Assessment, Treatment, and Case Management. Thousand Oaks: Sage, 1997.
5. Michael A. Simpson, “Self-Mutilation as Indirect  Self-Destructive Behavior.”  In Norman L. Farberow, Ed. The Many Faces of Suicide: Indirect Self-Destructive Behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1980, pp. 257, 270.
6. Theodore W. Adorno, The Authoritarian Personality. New York: Harper & Bros., 1952.
7. Michael A. Milburn and Sheree D. Conrad, The Politics of Denial. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1996.
8. Peter Librman, Does Conquest Pay? The Exploitation of Occupied Industrial Societies. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996.
9. Lars-Erik Cederman and Mohan Penubarti Rao, “Exploring the Dynamics of the Democratic Peace.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 45(2001): 818-831.
10. The New York Times, May 28, 2005, p. A11.
11. Lloyd deMause, The Emotional Life of Nations.  New York: Karnac Books, 2002, pp. 94-96.
12. James F. Masterson, The Search for the Real Self: Unmasking the Personality Disorders of Our Age. New York: The Free Press, 1988, p. 61.
13. Joshua S. Goldstein, “Kondratieff Waves as War Cycles.” International Studies Quarterly 29(1985): 425.
14. Raimo Vayrynen, “Economic Fluctuations, Military Expenditures, and Warfare in International Relations.” In Robert K. Schaeffer, Ed., War in the World-System. New York: Greenwood Press, 1989, p. 121.
15. Edward D. Mansfield and Jack Snyder, “Democratization and the Danger of War.” International Security 20(1995): 5-38; Michael Mann The Dark Side of Democracy: Explaining Ethnic Cleansing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
16. Michael Mann, The Dark Side of Democracy: Explaining Ethnic Cleansing, p. 4.
17. Ibid, p. ix.
18. Lloyd deMause, The Emotional Life of Nations, p. 249.
19. John A. Vasquez, “What Do We Know About War?”  In John A. Vasquez, Ed., What Do We Know About War? Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 200, p. 367.
20. Lisbeth Burger, Memoirs of a Midwife. New York: The Vanguard Press, 1934, p. 29.
21. Regina Schulte, “Infanticide in Rural Bavaria in the Nineteenth Century.” In Hans Medick, Ed., Interest and Emotion: Esays on the Study of Family and Kinship.  New York: Cambridge University Press, 1984, pp. 87, 89.
22. Lloyd deMause, Foundations of Psychohistory. New York: Creative Roots, 1982, pp. 117-123.
23. John E. Knodel, Demographic Behavior in the Past: A Study of Fourteen German Village Populations in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988, p. 543; Ann Taylor Allen, Feminism and Motherhood in Germany. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1991, pp. 177-178.
24. David I. Kertzer, Sacrificed for Honor: Italian Infant Abandonment and the Politics of Reproductive Control. Boston: Beacon Press, 1993, p. 10.
25. Marie van Bothmer, German Home Life, 2nd ed. New York: Appleton & Co., 1876, p. 15.
26. John Knodel and Etienne Van de Walle, “Breast Feeding, Fertility and Infant Mortality: An Analysis of Some Early German Data,” Population Studies 21(1967): 116-20.
27. Aurel Ende, “Battering and Neglect:: Children in Germany, 1860-1978.” The Journal of Psychohistory 7(1979): 260.
28. Lloyd deMause, The Emotional Life of Nations, P. 189.
29. J. F. G. Goeters, Die Evangelischen Kirchenordnungen des XVI Jahrhunderts. Vol. XIV. Tuebingen, Kurpfalz, 1969, p. 294.
30. Henry Mayhew, German Life and Manners as Seen in Saxony at the Present Day. London: William H. Allen, 1864, p. 490.
31. Anon., Cornhill Magazine, 1867, p. 356.
32. Raffael Scheck, “Childhood in German Autobiographical Writings,” The Journal of Psychohistory 15 (1987):402.
33. Sigrid Chamberlain, “The Nurture and Care of the Future Master Race.” The Journal of Psychohistory 31(2004): 374-6.
34. Thomas Lewis et al, A General Theory of Love. New York: Vintage Books, 2000, p. 88.
35. Sigrid Chamberlain, “The Nurture and Care of the Future Master Race,” p. 378.
36. Lloyd deMause, “Schreber and the History of Childhood.” The Journal of Psychohistory 15(1987): 427; Katharina Rutschky, Deutsche Kinder-Chronik. Koeln: Kiepenheuer & Witsch, 1983, pp. 16, 59.
37. Lloyd deMause, The Emotional Life of Nations, pp. 196-7.
38.Ibid.
39. Alan Dundes, Life Is Like a Chicken Coop Ladder: A Portrait of German Culture Through Folklore. New York: Columbia University Press, 1984.
40. Aurel Ende, “Battering and Neglect: Children In Germany, 1860-1978,” The Journal of Psychohistory 7(1979-80): 249-276.
41. Alice Miller, For Your Own Good: Hidden Cruelty in Child-Rearing and the Roots of Violence. Toronto: Harper Collins, 1990, p. 10.
42. Betram Schaffner, Father Land: A Study of Authoritarianism in the German Family. New York: Columbia University Press, 1948, p. 21; Raffael Scheck, “Childhood in German Autobiographical Writings,” p. 411.
43. Helm Stierlin, Adolf Hitler: A Family Perspective. New York: Psychohistory Press, 1977; Robert Waite, The Psychopathic God: Adolf Hitler. New York: Basic Books, 1977.
44. Katharina Rutschky, Deutsche Kinder-Chronik, p. 93.
45. Aurel Ende, “Battering and Neglect,” p. 258.
46. Op cit, p. 250.
47. Raffael Scheck, “Childhood in German Autobiographical Writings,” p. 405.
48. Peter Petschauer, “Children of Afers, or ‘Evoution of Childhood’ Revisited.” The Journal of Psychohistory 13(1985): 138.
49. Geoff Eley, Society, Culture and the State in Germany, 1970-1930. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1996, p. 145.
50. Emma Louise Parry, Life Among the Germans. Boston: Lothrop Publishing Co., 1887, p. 20.
51. Lloyd deMause, The Emotional Life of Nations, p. 191.
52. Ibid, p. 200.
53. Barbara W. Tuchman, The Proud Tower: A Portrait of the World Before the War 1890-1914. New York: Bantam Books, 1967, p. 38.
54. Donald Kagan, On the Origins of War and the Preservation of Peace. New York: Doubleday, 1995, p. 185.
55. Roland N. Stromberg, Redemption by War: The Intellectuals and 1914. Lawrence: The Regents Press of Kansas, 1982, pp. 85, 39.
56. Vibeke R. Petersen, Women and Modernity in Weimar Germany. New York: Berghahn Books, 2001, pp. 22-27.
57. Bertram Schaffner, Fatherland; A Study of Authoritarianism in the German Family. New York: Columbia University Press, 1948, p. 47.
58. Jans B. Wager, Dangerous Dames: Women and Representation in the Weimar Street Film and Film Noir. Athens: Ohio University Press, 1999.
59. Mark Mazower, Dark Continent: Europe’s Twentieth Century. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1999, pp. 125, 129.
60. Klaus Theweleit, Male Fantasies: Vol. 2: Male Bodies: Psychoanalyzing the White Terror. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1989, p. 45.
61. Peter Gay, Weimar Culture: The Outside as Insider.  New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 2001, p. xiv.
62. Ian Kershaw, Weimar: Why Did German Democracy Fail? London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1990, p. 21.
63. Claudia Koontz, Mothers in the Fatherland: Women, The Family, and Nazi Politics. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1981, pp. 12-13.
64. Fritz Stern, The Politics of Cultural Despair: A Study in the Rise of the Germanic Ideology. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1961, pp. xi-xix.
65. James M. Glass, “Life Unworthy of Life” Racial Phobia and Mass Murder in Hitler’s Germany. New York: BasicBooks, 1997.
66. Ibid, p. 37.
67. Robert Jay Lifton, The Nazi Doctors: Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genocide. New York: Basic Books, 1986, p. 62.
68. Goetz Aly et al, Cleansing the Fatherland: Nazi Medicine and Racial Hygiene. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994, pp. 30-31.
69. Goetz Aly et al., Cleansing the Fatherland, pp. 29-55, 188-189; Henry Friedlander, The Origins of Nazi Genocide: From Euthanasia to the Final Solution. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995, pp. 39-61.
70. James M. Glass, “Life Unworthy of Life,”  p. 61.
71. Ibid, p. 62.
72. Erich Fromm, The Fear of Freedom. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1975 (1942).
73. James M. Glass, “Life Unworthy of Life,” p. 8.
74. Ibid, p. 24; Robert Jay Lifton, The Nazi Doctors, pp. 16, 183.
75. Alan Dundes, “Life is Like a Chicken Coop Ladder.” The Journal of Psychoanalytic Anthropology 4(1981): pp. 347-8;  Norbert Bromberg and Verna Small, Hitler’s Psychopathology. New York: International Universities Press, 1983, p.281; George Victor, Hitler: The Pathology of Evil. Washington: Brassey’s, 1998, p. 123.
76. Lloyd  deMause, The Emotional Life of Nations, p. 202.
77. James M. Glass, “Life Unworthy of Life,” p. 80.
78. Ibid, p. 83.
79. Arno J. Mayer, Why Did the Heavens Not Darken? The “Final Solution” in History. New York: Pantheon Books, 1988, p. 100.
80. Ibid, p. 309.
81. James M. Glass, “Life Unworthy of Life,”  p. xix.
82. Ibid, p. 24.
83. Robert Jay Lifton, The Nazi Doctors, p. 147.
84. Zygmunt Bauman, Modernity and the Holocaust.  Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1989, p. 71.
85. Robert Gellately, “The Third Reich, the Holocaust, and Visions of Serial Genocide.” In Robert Gellately and Ben Kiernan, Eds., The Specter of Genocide: Mass Murder in Historical Perspective.” Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003, p. 252.
86. David R. Beisel, “Europe’s Killing Frenzy.” The Journal of Psychohistory 25(1997): 207.
87. Terrence Des Pres, The Survivor: An Anatomy of Life in the Death Camps. New York: Pocket Books, 1977, p. 58.
88. Gitta Sereny, Into That Darkness: An Examination of Conscience. New York: Random House, 1974, p. 166.
89. Martin Gilbert, The Boys: The Untold Story of 732 Young Concentration Camp Survivors. New York: Henry Holt and Co., 1996, p. 206.
90. W. Baird, To Die For Germany: Heroes in the Nazi Pantheon. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1990, p. 88.
91. George Victor, Hitler: The Pathology of Evil, pp. 85, 109.
92. Michael Mann, The Dark Side of Democracy: Explaining Ethnic Cleansing, p. 206.
93. Peter Utgaard, Remembering and Forgetting Nazism: Education, National Identity, and the Victim Myth in Postwar Austria. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003, p. 100; John Weiss, The Politics of Hate: Anti-Semitism, History, and the Holocaust in Modern Europe. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2003, p. 103.
94. Peter Thaler, The Ambivalence of Identity: The Austrian Experience of Nation-Building in a Modern Society. West Lafayett: Purdue University Press, 2001.
95. Ibid, p. 104.
96. Heinz M. Pascher, Ed., A Work in Progress: Social and Political Change in Contemporary Poland and Austria. Krakow: Universitas, 2001, p. 64.
97. Walter Havernick, Schlaege als Strafe. Hamburg, 1964; Peter Newell, Children Are People Too: The Case Against Physical Punishment.  London: Bedford Square Press, 1989, p. 68.
98. William F. Stone, et al, Eds. Strength and Weakness: The Authoritarian Personality Today. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1993, p. 186.